Effect of a Virtual Pain Coach on Older Adults' Pain Communication: A Pilot Study

A randomized posttest-only double blind design was used to pilot test the effect of a virtual practitioner pain communication coach on older adults' communication of their osteoarthritis pain. Baseline pain intensity and pain interference with activities were measured using the Brief Pain Inventory Short Form. Thirty older adults watched a video of a practitioner describing important osteoarthritis pain information followed by either a virtual practitioner coach, a video practitioner coach, or no coach. Participants were next asked, via a videotaped health care practitioner, to orally describe their pain as if speaking to their own practitioner. The amount of important distinctive pain information described by the older adults was audiotaped, transcribed, content analyzed, and summed using a priori criteria from the American Pain Society osteoarthritis pain management guidelines. Older adults described M = 6.3 (SD = 3.17), M = 3.0 (SD = 2.08), and M = 5.2 (SD = 2.40) items of important pain information as a result of the virtual coach, video coach, and no coach conditions, respectively; F(2,25) = 3.17, p = .06, eta(2) = .01. Older adults who practiced talking with the virtual coach described more than one additional item of important pain information. The clinically significant group difference supports the need to test the intervention in a randomized clinical trial. The virtual coaching and education intervention might enable older adults to communicate their pain management information more effectively to their practitioners. (C) 2011 by the American Society for Pain Management Nursing